Wisconsin Employment Situation in March
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Nerds of the living dead
U.S. employers cut jobs in June for a sixth consecutive month as soaring fuel prices and a slowing economy forced companies to reduce costs.
Payrolls fell by 62,000 after a 62,000 drop in May that was greater than initially reported, the Labor Department said today in Washington. The jobless rate remained at 5.5 percent after jumping in May by the most in two decades.
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The June figures brought total job losses for the first half of 2008 to 438,000. In 2007, the economy generated 91,000 jobs a month on average. Revisions subtracted 52,000 from payroll figures previously reported for April and May.
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Another report from the Labor Department today showed initial claims for jobless benefits rose by 16,000 to 404,000 last week. The total, higher than economists forecast, brought the four-week average to the highest since October 2005, just after Hurricane Katrina. The total number of people collecting benefits dropped to 3.116 million from 3.135 million.
Nonfarm payroll employment continued to trend down in June (-62,000), while the unemployment rate held at 5.5 percent, the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor reported today. Employment continued to fall in construction, manufacturing, and employment services, while health care and mining added jobs. Average hourly earnings rose by 6 cents, or 0.3 percent, over the month.


Stocks fizzled Wednesday, ending in bear-market territory for the first time in more than 5-1/2 years as oil jumped and fears about the financial health of General Motors mounted.
The Dow Jones Industrial Average enjoyed brief rallies in morning trading but ended down by 166.75 points at 11215.51, down 20.8% from its record close in October. Traditionally, a fall of 20% from a high is considered the definition of a bear market.
The technology-focused Nasdaq Composite Index skidded 2.3% to end at 2251.46, also tumbling into bear terrain. It has now tumbled by 21.3% from its multi-year peak in October and is down 15.1% for the year to date.
Major stock indexes last suffered a bear market in the wake of the dotcom meltdown, with the Dow returning to a bull market in October 2002.
The blue-chip average had flirted with bear territory during each of the last three trading sessions, but in each instance attracted enough buyers by day's end to miss the mark by a few tenths of a percentage point.







After a one-week respite, the U.S. average retail price for regular gasoline increased to a new record high, moving up 1.6 cents to 409.5 cents per gallon. Prices rose throughout the country with the exception of the West Coast where the price dipped a bit. On the East Coast, the price went up a cent to 405.7 cents per gallon. In the Midwest, the increase of 3.5 cents was the largest of any region and pushed the price above $4 for the first time, to 403.1 cents per gallon. The Gulf Coast price remained the lowest of any region and was the only one under $4 at 392.8 cents per gallon, an increase of 0.9 cent. The Rocky Mountain price rose 3.2 cents to 403.4 cents per gallon. Although the price on the West Coast fell, the drop was only four-tenths of a cent to 445.6 cents per gallon. The average in California also declined somewhat, going down 1.2 cents to 457.3 cents per gallon.



According to the Federal Deposit Insurance Corp., $45.4 billion of the $631.8 billion in construction loans outstanding at the end of the first quarter were delinquent. When banks announce second-quarter results in coming weeks, they are expected to report sharp increases in loans that builders can't repay. Banks are also facing intensifying pressure from federal and state regulators to deal with the problem loans on their books.
Nearly one in three of the banks analyzed -- or 2,182 -- had construction-loan portfolios that exceeded 100% of their total risk-based capital, a red flag to regulators, although it doesn't mean the bank is in danger of failing. Risk-based capital is a cushion that banks can dig into to cover losses.
Over the next few quarters, banks are expected to begin recording much larger losses. In 2007 and the first quarter of this year, U.S. banks wrote down just 0.7% of their residential construction and land assets as bad debt, according to Zelman & Associates, a research firm. Over the next five years that figure could rise to 10% and 26%, which would amount to about $65 billion to $165 billion, Zelman projects.
During the housing boom, many small and regional banks doubled down on construction loans because they were largely shut out of the home mortgage market dominated by large originators. But now the banks' difficulties are threatening to sharply shrink the home-building industry. Credit Suisse analyst Dan Oppenheim estimates that as many as 50% of the closely held builders won't survive because of the tightening lending environment and housing downturn.
Some community banks are bristling under the regulatory pressure. "The federal government is being too reactionary," says Damian Kassab, chief executive of Michigan-based Warren Bank, which reported that 47% of its construction loans are delinquent. "They want to see it done as quickly as possible. I say 'can't we just relax, take a deep breath and work with the borrowers.'"

Dearborn, Mich.-based Ford said that total sales, including sales of its Volvo brand, fell 28.1% to 174,091 cars and trucks from 242,029 last June. Retail SUV sales dropped 40% through the first half of the year, compared with the same period in 2007.
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Truck sales fell 35.6% to 101,981, with the flagship F-Series, the onetime industry sales leader, posting a 40.5% decline amid record-high gas prices and a persistent housing slump. Smaller passenger cars from Toyota and Honda now own the top spots.
"Consumer fundamentals and consumer confidence deteriorated as the first half unfolded," said Jim Farley, head of Ford's marketing and communications division. "The economy enters the second half of the year with a notable absence of momentum and a high degree of uncertainty."
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Like Ford, Chrysler LLC reported a steeper-than-expected decline, down 36% to 117,457 vehicles from 183,347 in June 2007.
June sales reflect a continued contraction of the market for its pickup trucks and sports utility vehicles, on which Chrysler depends more heavily than everybody else. Still, it was Chrysler's cars that paced the slump, falling 49% to 29,858 vehicles while trucks slid 30% to 87,599.
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GM reported an 18.2% decline in light vehicle sales to 262,329 cars and trucks from 320,668 in June 2007. Sales of cars slid 21.1% while trucks declined 16%. GM also was a tad more optimistic than its crosstown rival Ford with its assessment of the coming months.
"We continue to believe that there will be some strength in the economy in the second half of the year," sales analyst Mike DiGiovanni said in a conference call. "However, we're not naive enough to think this isn't a challenging time."










In a reversal, Wachovia Corp. said Monday it would stop making option adjustable-rate mortgages, which were why the bank bought Golden West Financial Corp. but is now stuck with more than $120 billion of the rapidly souring loans.
Wachovia also said it will let option-ARM borrowers escape prepayment penalties, but loan balances likely have swelled too big for many of these borrowers to refinance.
The changes effectively mean the dismantling of the core product of Golden West, the Oakland, Calif., thrift Wachovia bought for $25 billion two years ago. Option ARMs give customers multiple payment choices, including a minimum payment that may not be enough to cover the interest due. Borrowers who elect the minimum payment on a regular basis can see their loan balance grow.
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More than 18% of the option ARMs originated in 2005 and 2006 are already at least 60 days past due, says Barclays Capital, which looked at loans that were packaged into securities. The vast majority of these borrowers have yet to see their monthly payments recast so they begin making payments of principal and full interest, at which point payments can increase by 60% or more.

Legg Mason Inc. agreed to contribute $240 million to support three of a unit's money-market funds. That follows $400 million in agreements in March.
The move marks the company's latest step in trying to stabilize its cash funds and shield investors from any losses in the underlying assets. And it is the most recent sign the credit crunch continues to roil financial markets.

Investors acknowledged the grim reality beginning in mid-May. That is when the Dow Jones Industrial Average began its march downward, ending the quarter (including Monday's slim 3.50-point gain) with an overall loss of 912.88 points, or 7.4%, at 11350.01 -- and perilously close to the 20% decline from a recent high that is considered the start of a bear market.
It was the third straight quarterly decline and the worst second quarter since 2002.
In each of the final two trading sessions of the quarter, the Dow industrials tipped into bear-market territory during the day but closed just shy of the mark. The Dow industrials have fallen 19.9% from their October 2007 record, so any coming session with a loss could mark the official "bear" for stocks.
The worst-performing stocks reflected the credit crisis and its implications for consumer spending. Financials led the way down as banks big and small took write-downs and reported disappointing earnings. Dow component American International Group Inc. was off about 39% in the quarter, and Bank of America Corp. fell 37%. The Dow Jones Wilshire Bank Index fell nearly 26%.
But the biggest loser among the Dow industrials for the quarter was auto maker General Motors Corp., which dropped about 40%. Of 30 Dow components, 24 ended the quarter in the red. The few bright spots included Exxon Mobil Corp. and Chevron Corp., which rose as crude-oil prices soared 38% to more than $140 a barrel.




U.S. Treasuries headed for their biggest quarterly loss in four years because of speculation the Fed will push borrowing costs higher later in 2008 to keep inflation in check.



Conflicting stories about inflation and growth will buffet markets this week and beyond, keeping bonds tied to ranges, with intraday swings, unless the credit crisis or the economy take a large turn for the worse. That would force central banks to shift their attention away from inflation back to growth -- an unlikely prospect this week, with the European Central Bank set to raise rates at its meeting Thursday.
The substantial easing of monetary policy to date, combined with ongoing measures to foster market liquidity, should help to promote moderate growth over time. Although downside risks to growth remain, they appear to have diminished somewhat, and the upside risks to inflation and inflation expectations have increased. The Committee will continue to monitor economic and financial developments and will act as needed to promote sustainable economic growth and price stability.












The substantial easing of monetary policy to date, combined with ongoing measures to foster market liquidity, should help to promote moderate growth over time. Although downside risks to growth remain, they appear to have diminished somewhat, and the upside risks to inflation and inflation expectations have increased. The Committee will continue to monitor economic and financial developments and will act as needed to promote sustainable economic growth and price stability.






